If your ship runs low on power and your turrets have significant energy needs, when they are unable to fire they will keep trying to fire and consume large amounts of power.
This keeps your power at 0% until you can get away and they stop, which you can't, because you are out of power and die.
Blueprint that has this problem:{F95}
Making your turrets power stable could be a fix, but it's possible that if you take more damage that you'll lose power regen and that at some point your turrets will be able to drain your whole ship.